猝倒病
外观
(重定向自立枯病)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Pinus_taeda_seedling_damping_off_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Pinus_taeda_seedling_damping_off_%28cropped%29.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Rhizoctonia_Root_Rot_on_Corn.png/220px-Rhizoctonia_Root_Rot_on_Corn.png)
猝倒病,俗稱倒苗、霉根、小腳瘟,是一種會導致植物突然倒伏的疾病,引發此病的病原體有很多种。它是一些農業作物在苗期易發的疾病之一[1],最終可能會導致作物大面積死亡。[2]
患此病的植物幼苗會從莖部近地面处軟倒,受害部位可能會出現暗色病斑[2],此時作物的葉子可能尚為綠色。而病因相似的情況下,如果植物已經發生木質化,病菌從其根部入侵,就如出現作物枯而不倒的症狀,此時稱立枯病。[3]
病原
[编辑]導致猝倒病或立枯病的病原有很多,它們包括:
- 鏈格孢菌[2]
- 葡萄孢菌[2]
- 鐮刀菌[1]
- 菜豆壳球孢菌
- 叶点霉菌[2]
- 疫病菌[4]
- 假单胞菌[2]
- 腐霉菌[2]
- 立枯丝核菌,是全球各地最常見的猝倒病和立枯病的病原之一[4]
- 白絹病菌[5][6]
- 根串珠霉[7][8]
預防
[编辑]預防此病應保證天地平整,不會積水,使得土壤足夠疏鬆透氣。應當及時拔除患病植物、清理附近土壤[4]。此外也可施用碱式氯化铜及其他藥劑對土壤進行消毒,以此來抑制病原體的生長。[3]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 Grabowski, M. Cold Wet Soils Help Root Rotting Fungi. University of Minnesota Extension. June 1, 2012 [June 3, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2012年4月1日).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Buczacki, S., and Harris, K., Pests, Diseases and Disorders of Garden Plants, Collins, 1998, pp. 481–2.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 苗木猝倒病、立枯病的发生与防治. 园林植保网. 2016-08-23 [2016-09-23]. (原始内容存档于2020-05-08).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Damping off. Royal Horticultural Society. [14 April 2015]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-28).
- ^ What Is Southern Blight: Tips For Controlling Southern Blight Disease. Gardening Know How. [2016-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-03-23) (美国英语).
- ^ Southern Blight | Texas Plant Disease Handbook. Texas Plant Disease Handbook. [2016-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-16).
- ^ Black Root Rot: Thielaviopsis basicola (PDF). Plant Disease Diagnostic Clinic. Cornell University. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-07-22).
- ^ Elliott, Monica L. Thielaviopsis Trunk Rot of Palm. edis.ifas.ufl.edu. [2016-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-22).
- Tredway, Lane P.; et al. Damping Off (Pythium & Rhizoctonia spp.. North Carolina State University; TurfFiles Environmental Research and Education (center). March 7, 2011 [June 3, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2016-02-11).
- Kittrell, Audrey. Damping off increasing in corn. Successful Farming Magazine. June 14, 2011 [June 3, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2020-05-08).
- Adlam, John. Pest & Disease Factsheet - Damping off. Horticulture Week Magazine. January 27, 2012 [June 3, 2012].
外部連結
[编辑]- Clothier, Tom. Damping-off disease (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).