鍺的同位素
外观
(重定向自锗的同位素)
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標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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鍺(Ge,原子量:72.630(8))共有45個同位素,其中有4個同位素是穩定的。
圖表
[编辑]符號 | Z | N | 同位素質量(u) [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3] |
衰變 方式[3] |
衰變 產物 [n 4][n 5] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相對豐度 (莫耳分率)[4][n 2] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激發能量[n 2] | ||||||||
58Ge | 32 | 26 | 57.99101(34)# | 2p | 56Zn | 0+ | ||
59Ge | 32 | 27 | 58.98175(30)# | 2p | 57Zn | 7/2−# | ||
60Ge | 32 | 28 | 59.97019(25)# | 30# ms | β+ | 60Ga | 0+ | |
2p | 58Zn | |||||||
61Ge | 32 | 29 | 60.96379(32)# | 39(12) ms | β+, p (80%) | 60Zn | (3/2−)# | |
β+ (20%) | 61Ga | |||||||
62Ge | 32 | 30 | 61.95465(15)# | 129(35) ms | β+ | 62Ga | 0+ | |
63Ge | 32 | 31 | 62.94964(21)# | 142(8) ms | β+ | 63Ga | (3/2−)# | |
64Ge | 32 | 32 | 63.94165(3) | 63.7(25) s | β+ | 64Ga | 0+ | |
65Ge | 32 | 33 | 64.93944(11) | 30.9(5) s | β+ (99.99%) | 65Ga | (3/2)− | |
β+, p (.01%) | 64Zn | |||||||
66Ge | 32 | 34 | 65.93384(3) | 2.26(5) h | β+ | 66Ga | 0+ | |
67Ge | 32 | 35 | 66.932734(5) | 18.9(3) min | β+ | 67Ga | 1/2− | |
67m1Ge | 18.20(5) keV | 13.7(9) µs | 5/2− | |||||
67m2Ge | 751.70(6) keV | 110.9(14) ns | 9/2+ | |||||
68Ge[n 6] | 32 | 36 | 67.928094(7) | 270.95(16) d | ε | 68Ga | 0+ | |
69Ge | 32 | 37 | 68.9279645(14) | 39.05(10) h | β+ | 69Ga | 5/2− | |
69m1Ge | 86.765(14) keV | 5.1(2) µs | 1/2− | |||||
69m2Ge | 397.944(18) keV | 2.81(5) µs | 9/2+ | |||||
70Ge | 32 | 38 | 69.9242474(11) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.2052(19) | ||
71Ge | 32 | 39 | 70.9249510(11) | 11.43(3) d | ε | 71Ga | 1/2− | |
71mGe | 198.367(10) keV | 20.40(17) ms | IT | 71Ge | 9/2+ | |||
72Ge | 32 | 40 | 71.9220758(18) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.2745(15) | ||
72mGe | 691.43(4) keV | 444.2(8) ns | 0+ | |||||
73Ge | 32 | 41 | 72.9234589(18) | 稳定 | 9/2+ | 0.0776(8) | ||
73m1Ge | 13.2845(15) keV | 2.92(3) µs | 5/2+ | |||||
73m2Ge | 66.726(9) keV | 499(11) ms | 1/2− | |||||
74 Ge |
32 | 42 | 73.9211778(18) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.3652(12) | ||
75Ge | 32 | 43 | 74.9228589(18) | 82.78(4) min | β− | 75As | 1/2− | |
75m1Ge | 139.69(3) keV | 47.7(5) s | IT (99.97%) | 75Ge | 7/2+ | |||
β− | 75As | |||||||
75m2Ge | 192.18(7) keV | 216(5) ns | 5/2+ | |||||
76Ge[n 7] | 32 | 44 | 75.9214026(18) | 1.78(8)×1021 y | β−β− | 76Se | 0+ | 0.0775(12) |
77Ge | 32 | 45 | 76.9235486(18) | 11.30(1) h | β− | 77As | 7/2+ | |
77mGe | 159.70(10) keV | 52.9(6) s | β− (79%) | 77As | 1/2− | |||
IT (21%) | 77Ge | |||||||
78Ge | 32 | 46 | 77.922853(4) | 88(1) min | β− | 78As | 0+ | |
79Ge | 32 | 47 | 78.9254(1) | 18.98(3) s | β− | 79As | (1/2)− | |
79mGe | 185.95(4) keV | 39.0(10) s | β− (96%) | 79As | (7/2+)# | |||
IT (4%) | 79Ge | |||||||
80Ge | 32 | 48 | 79.92537(3) | 29.5(4) s | β− | 80As | 0+ | |
81Ge | 32 | 49 | 80.92882(13) | 7.6(6) s | β− | 81As | 9/2+# | |
81mGe | 679.13(4) keV | 7.6(6) s | β− (99%) | 81As | (1/2+) | |||
IT (1%) | 81Ge | |||||||
82Ge | 32 | 50 | 81.92955(26) | 4.55(5) s | β− | 82As | 0+ | |
83Ge | 32 | 51 | 82.93462(21)# | 1.85(6) s | β− | 83As | (5/2+)# | |
84Ge | 32 | 52 | 83.93747(32)# | 0.947(11) s | β− (89.2%) | 84As | 0+ | |
β−, n (10.8%) | 83As | |||||||
85Ge | 32 | 53 | 84.94303(43)# | 535(47) ms | β− (86%) | 85As | 5/2+# | |
β−, n (14%) | 84As | |||||||
86Ge | 32 | 54 | 85.94649(54)# | >150 ns | β−, n | 85As | 0+ | |
β− | 86As | |||||||
87Ge | 32 | 55 | 86.95251(54)# | 0.14# s | 5/2+# | |||
88Ge | 32 | 56 | 87.95691(75)# | >=300 ns | 0+ | |||
89Ge | 32 | 57 | 88.96383(97)# | >150 ns | 3/2+# |
← | 同位素列表 | → |
鎵的同位素 | 鍺的同位素 | 砷的同位素 |
参考文獻
[编辑]- ^ M. Agostini; et al. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of 76Ge. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society (APS)). 2023-10-03, 131 (14). ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.142501.
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语).
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart
. nucleonica. [2015-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ Standard Atomic Weights: Germanium. CIAAW. [2024-05-28].
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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