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胱天蛋白酶8

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维基百科,自由的百科全书
胱天蛋白酶8
已知的結構
PDB直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
識別號
别名CASP8;, ALPS2B, CAP4, Casp-8, FLICE, MACH, MCH5, caspase 8
外部IDOMIM601763 MGI1261423 HomoloGene7657 GeneCardsCASP8
相關疾病
caspase-8 deficiency[1]
為以下藥物的標靶
emricasan[2]
基因位置(人类
2號染色體
染色体2號染色體[3]
2號染色體
胱天蛋白酶8的基因位置
胱天蛋白酶8的基因位置
基因座2q33.1起始201,233,443 bp[3]
终止201,287,711 bp[3]
RNA表达模式


查阅更多表达数据
直系同源
物種人類小鼠
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
mRNA​序列

NM_001080126
​NM_001277926
​NM_009812

蛋白序列

NP_001073595
​NP_001264855
​NP_033942

基因位置​(UCSC)Chr 2: 201.23 – 201.29 MbChr 1: 58.83 – 58.89 Mb
PubMed​查找[5][6]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類檢視/編輯小鼠

胱天蛋白酶8英语:Caspase 8)是一种胱天蛋白酶,由CASP8基因编码。该酶很可能作用于胱天蛋白酶3。许多可获得完整基因组数据的哺乳动物都已鉴定出CASP8直系同源物[7]这些独特的直系同源物也存在于鸟类中。

作用

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胱天蛋白酶8是胱天蛋白酶家族的成员。半胱天冬酶的连续激活在细胞凋亡的执行阶段发挥着核心作用。半胱天冬酶作为无活性酶原存在,由前结构域、大蛋白酶亚基和小蛋白酶亚基组成。半胱天冬酶的激活需要在保守的天冬氨酸残基处经历蛋白水解加工,以产生一大一小两个亚基组成的异二聚体酶。该蛋白参与Fas和各种细胞凋亡刺激诱导的程序性细胞死亡。该蛋白的N端FADD样死亡效应结构域表明它可能与FADD相互作用。这种蛋白质在亨廷顿舞蹈症患者受影响的大脑区域的不溶性部分中检测到,而在正常对照的大脑区域中未检测到,这表明它在神经退行性疾病中的作用。已经描述了许多编码不同亚型的选择性剪接转录物变体,尽管并非所有变体都已确定其全长序列。[8]

临床意义

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一种非常罕见的免疫系统遗传性疾病也可能是由该基因的突变引起的。这种疾病称为CEDS,意思是“胱天蛋白酶8缺乏状态”。CEDS具有与另一种细胞凋亡遗传病ALPS 相似的特征,但前者有免疫缺陷表型。因此,除了复发性鼻窦及肺部感染、复发性皮肤粘膜疱疹病、持续性疣和传染性软疣感染以及咖瑪免疫球蛋白過低之外,临床表现还包括脾肿大淋巴结肿大主质器官有时存在淋巴细胞浸润性疾病,但自身免疫性极小,而且在CEDS患者中尚未观察到淋巴瘤。CEDS以常染色体隐性方式遗传。[9]

CEDS患者的临床表型呈现出一个悖论,因为胱天蛋白酶8被认为主要是一种促凋亡蛋白酶,主要参与肿瘤坏死因子受体家族死亡受体(例如Fas)的信号转导。淋巴细胞激活和保护性免疫的缺陷表明胱天蛋白酶8在淋巴细胞中具有额外的信号传导作用。进一步的研究表明,胱天蛋白酶8在TB自然杀伤细胞中,通过抗原受体、Fc受体Toll样受体4刺激后,对转录因子“核因子κB”(NF-κB)的诱导至关重要 。[9]

生化方面,发现胱天蛋白酶8进入NF-κB激酶抑制剂(IKK)与上游Bcl10-MALT1(粘膜相关淋巴组织)适配器复合物的复合体中,这对于诱导NF-κB的核转位至关重要 。此外,胱天蛋白酶8的生化形式在这两种途径中是不同的。对于死亡途径,胱天蛋白酶8酶原被切割成亚基,这些亚基组装形成成熟的、高活性的胱天蛋白酶异四聚体;而对于激活途径,酶原似乎保持完整,可能是为了限制其蛋白水解功能,但增强其作为适配器蛋白的功能。[9]

相互作用

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胱天蛋白酶8已被证明可以与以下物质相互作用

附加图片

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TNF-R1信号通路。灰色虚线表示多个步骤
细胞凋亡涉及的信号转导途径概述

参见

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参考文献

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