古罗马神庙
外观
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Maison_Carr%C3%A9e_%28the_square_temple%29_dedicated_at_Julius_Caesar%2C_restaurated_in_2010%2C_Nimes_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Maison_Carr%C3%A9e_%28the_square_temple%29_dedicated_at_Julius_Caesar%2C_restaurated_in_2010%2C_Nimes_-_panoramio.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Temple_of_Hercules_%28Rome%29.jpg/220px-Temple_of_Hercules_%28Rome%29.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Croatia_Pula_Temple_of_Roma_and_Augustus_2014-10-11_11-30-05.jpg/220px-Croatia_Pula_Temple_of_Roma_and_Augustus_2014-10-11_11-30-05.jpg)
古罗马神庙是古罗马时代的一种宗教建筑,是古罗马建筑的典范[1]。古罗马人会在神庙的内殿(cella)祭祀古罗马神祇,神庙中一般都有燃香用的小祭坛。但一般的罗马人民很少进入内殿,公共祭祀仪式是在神殿外面进行的门廊举行的,观众则站在神庙前的广场上。[2]
通常神庙呈四边形,下面铺有高于地面的台子,正面有廊柱和三角形的山墙。神庙的侧面和后面很少做装饰,也没有入口。除去这种典型构造外,也有圆形的罗马神庙,整个建筑由廊柱环绕。意大利以外的地区,一些罗马神庙也会依照当地建筑风格做一些调整。罗马神庙的建筑风格继承自伊特拉斯坎的神庙,后者又受古希腊建筑风格影响。
古罗马神庙今存不多,而且大多数保存完好的神庙都已经被改造成基督教的教堂(一些又被改成清真寺)。[3]
参考文献
[编辑]参考书目
[编辑]- Boëthius, Axel, Ling, Roger, Rasmussen, Tom, Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture, Yale/Pelican history of art, 1978, Yale University Press, ISBN 0300052901, 9780300052909, google books(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Henig, Martin (ed.), A Handbook of Roman Art, Phaidon, 1983, ISBN 0714822140
- Sear, F. B., "Architecture, 1, a) Religious", section in Diane Favro, et al. "Rome, ancient." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press, accessed March 26, 2016, subscription required(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Stamper, John, The architecture of Roman temples: the republic to the middle empire, Cambridge University Press, 2005
- Strong, Donald, et al., Roman Art, 1995 (2nd edn.), Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art), ISBN 0300052936
- Summerson, John (1980), The Classical Language of Architecture, 1980 edition, Thames and Hudson World of Art series, ISBN 0-500-20177-3
- Summerson, John (1988), Georgian London, (1945), 1988 revised edition, Barrie & Jenkins, ISBN 0712620958. (Also see revised edition, edited by Howard Colvin], 2003)
- Wheeler, Mortimer, Roman Art and Architecture, 1964, Thames and Hudson (World of Art), ISBN 0500200211
外部链接
[编辑]关于Roman temple 的图书馆资源 |
- Temple of Hadrian, Rome QuickTime VR
- The Pantheon, Rome QuickTime VR
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