2019冠状病毒病疫情对政治的影响
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系列条目索引 |
2019冠状病毒病疫情 |
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2019冠状病毒病疫情影响了国际关系,并影响了多个国家的政治体系,导致立法活动被暂停,多个政客的隔离或死亡,以及由于担心传播这种病毒而重新安排了选举时间。[1]大流行引发了关于政治问题的广泛辩论,例如不同政治意识型态的相对优势。[2]
整体
[编辑]对这种大流行的反应导致政府权力的空前扩张。小政府的拥护者担心,危机过后,国家将不愿放弃这种权力,这在历史上是经常发生的情况[3]。
民调
[编辑]有证据表明,大流行在许多国家引起了聚旗效应,意大利(+27个百分点),德国(+11),法国(+11)和英国的政府支持率的上升[4][5][6]。
紧急状态
[编辑]至少有84个国家已宣布应对这种大流行进入紧急状态,导致人们担心滥用权力[7]。无国界记者组织声称,有38个国家限制了新闻自由[7]。 其他例子包括禁止大规模抗议,推迟选举或在反对派无法有效竞选的情况下举行选举,有选择地对政治反对者实施封锁规则,向政治支持者发放救济金,或者是指少数民族当替罪羊[8]。 许多国家/地区还推出了用于跟踪联系人的大规模监视程序,从而导致人们担心它们对隐私的影响[9]。
媒体
[编辑]在COVID-19大流行期间,各种形式的媒体也遭受了巨大损失。[10]一些政府甚至阻止媒体批评他们,这是对言论自由的侵犯;(《世界人权宣言》第19条)。[11] These restrictions allowed media outlets and journalists to be prosecuted and imprisoned more easily, often unfairly and arbitrarily.[12]
国际关系
[编辑]欧盟
[编辑]西班牙总理佩德罗·桑切斯表示:“如果我们现在不提议对这场经济危机采取统一、有力和有效的对策,不仅影响将更加严峻,而且影响将持续更长的时间”[13]
关于如何应对这种流行病及其经济影响的辩论,在北欧和南欧成员国之间拉开了裂痕,让人联想起2010年欧洲债务危机的辩论。[14]
美国
[编辑]3月初,欧盟领导人谴责美国限制从欧洲到美国旅行的决定。[15]
10月2日,汤姆·提利斯(Thom Tillis)参议员宣布他的COVID-19测试呈阳性。
国内政治
[编辑]选举
[编辑]美国
[编辑]仅以2020年美国总统选举为例,许多州因严重特殊传染性肺炎疫情放松邮寄投票限制,使得此次选举创下提早投票和邮寄选票数量的记录。但却造成部分摇摆州因为州分部分由共和党改为民主党,其中乔治亚州还涉嫌作票争议,进而造成一连串针对选举的抗议活动甚至示威者暴力冲击国会大厦。
前总统特朗普成为首位在2019冠状病毒病疫情下,因“抗疫不力”而竞选落败的国家领导人,其后日本首相菅义伟因同样理由放弃竞逐连任,马来西亚首相慕尤丁更因疫情触发民怨,黯然辞职落台,结束短短17个月的执政,成了马国“最短命政府”。
政治人物影响
[编辑]相关确诊人物
[编辑]议会
[编辑]确诊人士 病故人士
注记
[编辑]- ^ 苏珊·麦克唐纳,昆士兰参议员
安德鲁·布拉格,新南威尔斯参议员
雷克斯·帕特里克,南澳大利亚参议员 - ^ 彼德·达顿,迪克森议员
- ^ Davi Alcolumbre, President of the Federal Senate, 阿马帕州联邦参议院
- ^ Kamal Khera, MP for Brampton West
- ^ Manuel José Ossandón
Jorge Pizarro
José García Ruminot - ^ Marcela Sabat
- ^ 让-吕克·赖策
Elisabeth Toutut-Picard
Guillaume Vuilletet
Sylvie Tolmont - ^ 阿里·拉里贾尼, Speaker
马哈茂德·萨德吉
穆杰塔巴·宗努尔
Masoumeh Aghapour Alishahi
Zohreh Elahian - ^ 法蒂玛·拉赫巴尔
穆罕默德·阿里·拉马扎尼·达斯塔克 - ^ Yaakov Litzman
Sami Abu Shehadeh - ^ Pierpaolo Sileri
- ^ Anna Ascani
Diego Binelli
Edmondo Cirielli
Chiara Gribaudo
Luca Lotti
Claudio Pedrazzini - ^ Abdelkader Aamara, MP for Salé
- ^ 黄灵彪
俞利文
Rubiah Wang - ^ Jerip Susil (Mabong)
- ^ Juan Miguel Zubiri
Koko Pimentel
Sonny Angara - ^ Henry Villarica
- ^ Leonid Kalashnikov, Dmitry Novikov, Svetlana Maximova, Oksana Pushkina and two unnamed MPs
- ^ Lyudmila Stebenkova and Yevgeny Stupin
- ^ Ivan N. Zhukov
- ^ Sergey Bebenin
- ^ Javier Ortega Smith
圣地亚哥·阿瓦斯卡尔
Macarena Olona
Beatriz Jiménez - ^ Martha Mmola
- ^ Hendrietta Bogopane-Zulu
Cedric Frolick
Inkosi Holomisa
Collen Malatji
Gwede Mantashe
Simphiwe Mbatha
Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula
Kenneth Meshoe
Thulas Nxesi
Ebrahim Patel
Zamuxolo Peter
Steven Swart - ^ Mlungisi Mvoko
Nomakhosazana Meth - ^ Tate Makgoe
Thembeni Nxangisa - ^ David Makhura
Tasneem Motara - ^ Ricardo Mthembu
Mbali Ntuli - ^ Gillion Mashego
- ^ Gordon Kegakilwe
Job Mokgoro - ^ Gladys Bakubaku-Vos
Alan Winde - ^ Serhii Shakhov
- ^ 兰德·保罗, 参议员 from 肯塔基州
- ^ 马里奥·迪亚斯-巴拉特, Florida 25
本·麦克亚当斯, Utah 4
Joe Cunningham, South Carolina 1
麦克·凯利, Pennsylvania 16
摩甘·格里菲斯, Virginia 9
路易·戈莫特, Texas 1 - ^ Kimberly Jean-Pierre, District 11
Helene Weinstein, District 41
Charles Barron, District 60 - ^ Matthew Gambill, District 15
- ^ Brandon Beach, District 21
Kay Kirkpatrick, District 32
Nikema Williams, District 39
Lester Jackson, District 2
Bruce Thompson, District 14 - ^ David Bowen, District 10
- ^ Jane Garibay, District 60
- ^ Jim Smallwood, District 4
- ^ Dafna Michaelson Jenet, District 30
- ^ Clarence Nishihara, District 17
- ^ Reggie Bagala, District 54
- ^ Clinton Calabrese, District 36
- ^ Paul Rosino, District 45
- ^ Jason Lowe, District 97
- ^ Joe Runions, District 37
- ^ Tyrone Carter, District 6
Karen Whitsett, District 9 - ^ Isaac Robinson, District 4
- ^ Bob Glanzer, District 22
- ^ Michael Day, District 31
- ^ Lord Gordon of Strathblane
- ^
娜汀·多里斯,中贝德福德郡议员
Kate Osborne,贾罗议员
Lloyd Russell-Moyle, 布莱顿肯普敦MP
鲍里斯·约翰逊,阿克斯布里奇和南赖斯利普
马修·汉考克,西萨福克MP
阿利斯特·杰克,邓弗里斯和加洛韦MP
Tony Lloyd, for 罗奇代尔MP
行政官员
[编辑]注记
[编辑]
另见
[编辑]- List of COVID-19 pandemic legislation
- 受2019冠状病毒病疫情影响的事件列表
- 2019冠状病毒病疫情对宗教的影响
- 2019冠状病毒病疫情对宗教的影响
- 2019冠状病毒病疫情对科学与技术的影响
- 2019冠状病毒病疫情对电视业的影响
- 对2019冠状病毒病疫情应对措施的抗议活动
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