葵花籽油
外觀
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Sunflower_oil_and_sunflower.jpg/250px-Sunflower_oil_and_sunflower.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/OleicSunflowerOil.png/160px-OleicSunflowerOil.png)
葵花籽油或葵花油,是指從向日葵種子(葵花籽)中壓榨出來的非揮發性油。葵花籽油通常在烹飪食物時用作食用油,在化妝品配方中則用作潤膚劑。葵花籽油主要由亞油酸和油酸組成[1]。該油含有大量的維生素E[2]。
截至2017年,基因組分析[3]和雜交向日葵開發以提高油產量正在開發中,以滿足消費者對葵花籽油及其商業品種的更大需求[4][5]。
2018年,烏克蘭和俄羅斯的葵花籽油產量合計佔全球產量的53%。
成分
[編輯]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/TriglycerideSunflower.png/330px-TriglycerideSunflower.png)
葵花籽油主要是一種三酸甘油酯[6]。 《英國藥典》列出了以下概況[7]:
通過植物育種和工業加工生產出四種不同濃度脂肪酸的葵花籽油:高亞油酸、高油酸、中油酸、和高硬脂酸加高油酸[1][2]
- 高亞油酸,69% 亞油酸
- 高油酸,82%油酸
- 中油酸,65%油酸
- 高硬脂酸加高油酸,18%硬脂酸和72%油酸[2]
在對向日葵基因組的分析中,揭示了植物代謝產生其油的過程,鑑定出了植物固醇[3],這在另一項對向日葵油成分(包括多酚、角鯊烯和類萜化合物)的分析中得到了證實[8]。
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ 1.0 1.1 Four types of sunflower oil. National Sunflower Association. 2018 [19 November 2018]. (原始內容存檔於2021-03-11).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sunflower oil fatty acid profile (PDF). National Sunflower Association. 2018 [19 November 2018]. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2021-04-23).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Badouin, H; Gouzy, J; Grassa, C. J; Murat, F; Staton, S. E; Cottret, L; Lelandais-Brière, C; Owens, G. L; Carrère, S; Mayjonade, B; Legrand, L; Gill, N; Kane, N. C; Bowers, J. E; Hubner, S; Bellec, A; Bérard, A; Bergès, H; Blanchet, N; Boniface, M. C; Brunel, D; Catrice, O; Chaidir, N; Claudel, C; Donnadieu, C; Faraut, T; Fievet, G; Helmstetter, N; King, M; et al. The sunflower genome provides insights into oil metabolism, flowering and Asterid evolution. Nature. 2017, 546 (7656): 148–152. Bibcode:2017Natur.546..148B. PMID 28538728. doi:10.1038/nature22380
.
- ^ Rauf S, Jamil N, Tariq SA, Khan M, Kausar M, Kaya Y. Progress in modification of sunflower oil to expand its industrial value. J Sci Food Agric. 2017, 97 (7): 1997–2006. PMID 28093767. doi:10.1002/jsfa.8214.
- ^ Christov M. Contribution of interspecific hybridization to sunflower breeding (PDF). Helia. 2012, 35 (57): 37–46 [2021-04-23]. S2CID 85351878. doi:10.2298/hel1257037c. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2014-10-06).
- ^ Alfred Thomas. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 2002. ISBN 3527306730. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_173.
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被忽略 (幫助) - ^ British Pharmacopoeia Commission. Ph Eur monograph 1371
. British Pharmacopoeia 2005. Norwich, England: The Stationery Office. 2005. ISBN 0-11-322682-9.
- ^ Alicia Ayerdi Gotor; Larbi Rhazi. Effects of refining process on sunflower oil minor components: a review. Oilseeds and Fats, Crops and Lipids. 2016, 23 (2): D207 [2023-08-02]. doi:10.1051/ocl/2016007
. (原始內容存檔於2023-08-02).
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