栉虫目
外观
栉虫目 化石时期:
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科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
(未分级): | †類肢類 Artiopoda |
纲: | †三叶虫纲 Trilobita |
目: | †栉虫目 Asaphida Fortey & Chatterton, 1988 |
总科 | |
櫛虫目(學名:Asaphida)是三葉蟲綱下一個體型較大,具備多樣性的目。其化石分布於古生代寒武紀中期至志留紀之間的地層。櫛虫目三葉虫的頭部(cephalon)與尾部(pygidium)通常大小相近,且多數品種外型扁平,胸節數量通常為5至12節,然而某些品種卻僅有2個胸節,亦有多達30節的品種[1]。
古生物學家推測,奧陶紀中期時,目前俄羅斯聖彼得堡附近地區為一內陸海,此內陸海之水質混濁[2]。使得某些櫛虫目三葉蟲演化出長眼柄,照片中的 Asaphus kowalewski 即是一個實例。
下列是櫛蟲目下的各科: [3]
- Asaphidae [4]
- Anataphrus Whittington, 1954
- Asaphellus Callaway, 1877
- Asaphellus artus Robison & Pantoja-Alor, 1968
- Asaphellus aspinus Robison & Pantoja-Alor, 1968
- Asaphellus catamarcensis Kobayashi, 1935
- Asaphellus charoenmiti[5]
- Asaphellus clarksoni Tortello & Esteban, 2016
- Asaphellus communis Robison & Pantoja-Alor, 1968
- Asaphellus homfrayi (Salter, 1866)
- Asaphellus isabelae Meroi Arcerito, Waisfeld & Balseiro, 2015
- Asaphellus jujuanus Harrington, 1937
- Asaphellus nazarenensis Tortello & Esteban, 2014
- Asaphellus riojanus Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Asaphellus trinodosus Chang, 1949
- Asaphus Brongniart, 1822
- Atopasaphus Shergold, 1971
- Aulacoparia Hintze & Jaanusson, 1956
- Australopyge Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Basilicus Salter, 1849
- Basiliella Kobayashi, 1934
- Basiliscus Zittel, 1885
- Bellefontia Walcott, 1924
- Birmanites Sheng, 1934
- Blainia Walcott, 1916
- Bohemopyge Pribyl, 1951
- Borogothus Tjernvik, 1956
- Brachyaspis Boulenger, 1896
- Brachyaspis Salter, 1866
- Branisaspis Pribyl & Vanek, 1980
- Burminresia Laurie, 1996
- Charchaquia
- Coriotela Burks & Heraty, 2020
- Daketia Luo, Zhou, Hu, Zhan & Lu, 2014
- Damiraspis Ghobadi Pour, Popov & Vinogradova, 2009
- Dolerasaphus Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Dolerobasilicus Harrington & Leanza, 1942
- Dolerobasilicus Kobayashi, 1934
- Ectenaspis Raymond, 1920
- Eisarkaspis Laurie, 2006
- Emanuelaspis Laurie, 1996
- Eoasaphus Kobayashi, 1936
- Eoisotelus Wang, 1938
- Farasaphus Ghobadi Pour, Popov & Vinogradova, 2009
- Fuyunia Hsiang & Zhang, 1981
- Gerasaphes Clarke, 1894
- Gog Fortey, 1975
- Gogiura Rosova, 1985
- Golasaphus Shergold, 1971
- Griphasaphus Öpik, 1967
- Guohongjunia Zhang, 1999
- Hemigyraspis Raymond, 1910
- Hoekaspis Kobayashi, 1937
- Homalopyge Jaanusson, 1956
- Homotelus Raymond, 1920
- Hunnebergia Tjernvik, 1956
- Isabelinia Rabano, 1989
- Isoteloides Raymond, 1910
- Isotelus De Kay, 1824
- Isyrakopeltis Rosova, 1985
- Kainisiniella Baldis & González, 1987
- Kayseraspis Harrington, 1938
- Kierarges Corbacho, 2014
- Kirkella Kobayashi, 1942
- Klabavia Pribyl & Vanek, 1969
- Kobayashia Harrington, 1938
- Lachnostoma Ross, 1951
- Lapidaria Tjernvik, 1956
- Liomegalaspides Lu, 1975
- Lisogorites Chugaeva, 1958
- Lonchobasilicus Zhou, 1980
- Lycophron Fortey & Shergold, 1984
- Madiganaspis Laurie, 2006
- Megalaspidella Kobayashi, 1937
- Megalaspides Brögger, 1897
- Megistaspis Jaanusson, 1956
- Merlinia Fortey & Owens, 1978
- Metaptychopyge Balashova, 1964
- Metayuepingia Liu, 1977
- Mioptychopyge Zhou, Dean, Yuan & Zhou, 1998
- Nahannia
- Neoasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Neopeltis Zhang, 1983
- Nerudaspis Pribyl & Vanek, 1965
- Nileoides Raymond, 1920
- Ningkianites Lu, 1975
- Niobe Angelin, 1854
- Niobella Reed, 1931
- Niobides Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Niobina Lake, 1946
- Nobiliasaphus Pribyl & Vanek, 1965
- Norasaphus Fortey & Shergold, 1984
- Norinia Troedsson, 1937
- Notopeltis Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ogmasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Ogyginus
- Ogygiocarella Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ogygiocaris Angelin, 1854
- Ogygiogaris
- Ogygitella Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ogygites Tromelin & Lebesconte, 1876
- Ogygitoides Kobayashi, 1934
- Onchometopus Schmidt, 1907
- Opsimasaphus Kielan, 1960
- Parabellefontia Hintze, 1953
- Paramegalaspis Thoral, 1935
- Paraptychopyge Balashova, 1964
- Paratamdaspis Ergaliev, 2001
- Penchiopsis Lu, 1976
- Platypletis
- Plectasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Popovkiaspis Balashova, 1966
- Presbynileus Hintze, 1954
- Priceaspis Legg, 1976
- Proasaphus Balashova, 1966
- Promegalaspides Westergård, 1939
- Protopresbynileus Hintze, 1954
- Protoptychopyge Balashova, 1960
- Proxiniobe Hoel, 1999
- Pseudasaphus Schmidt, 1907
- Pseudoasaphus Schmidt, 1904
- Pseudobasilicus Reed, 1931
- Pseudogriphasaphus Peng, 1992
- Pseudogygites
- Pseudomegalaspis
- Pseudoptyocephalus Legg, 1976
- Psilocephalina Hsü, 1948
- Ptychocephalus Agassiz, 1843
- Ptychopyge Angelin, 1854
- Ptyocephalus Whittington, 1948
- Sanbernardaspis Acenolaza, 1973
- Stegnopsis
- Stenorhachis
- Suriaspis Acenolaza & Rabano, 1990
- Tchukeraspis Rosova, 1985
- Thysanopyge Kayser, 1898
- Trigonocerca Ross, 1951
- Trigonocercella Hintze, 1953
- Valdaites Balashova, 1976
- Vogdesia Raymond, 1911
- Xenasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Xenostegium Walcott, 1924
- Zhenganites Yin, 1978
- Zuninaspis Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ceratopygidae
- Dikelocephalidae
- Anderssonella Kobayashi, 1936
- Anderssonella undulata[6]
- Berkeia Resser, 1937
- Blandicephalus Palmer, 1955
- Briscoia Walcott, 1924
- Caznaia Shergold, 1975
- Caznaia imsamuti[6]
- Dikellacephalus Owen, 1851
- Dikelocephalus Owen, 1852
- Elkia Walcott, 1924
- Eosaukia Lu, 1954
- Galerosaukia Shergold, 1975
- Hamashania Kobayashi, 1941
- Kasachstanaspis Balashova, 1961
- Lichengia Kobayashi, 1942
- Lophoholcus Öpik, 1967
- Menocephalus Owen, 1852
- Monocheilus
- Neoiranella Özdikmen, 2006
- Osceolia Walcott, 1914
- Pterocephalops Lin & Zhang, 1979
- Pterocephalops Rasetti, 1944
- Sinosaukia Sun, 1935
- Stigmacephalus Resser, 1937
- Stigmaspis Nelson, 1951
- Walcottaspis Ulrich & Resser, 1930
- Anderssonella Kobayashi, 1936
- Eurekiidae
- Bandalaspis Ivshin, 1962
- Bayfieldia Clark, 1924
- Corbina
- Corbinia Walcott, 1924
- Corbinia perforata[6]
- Eurekia Walcott, 1924
- Maladia Rose, 1983
- Tostonia Walcott, 1924
- Wisarcadiaspis Westrop & Palmer, 2009
- Loganellidae
- Ptychaspididae
- Saukiidae
- Calvinella Walcott, 1914
- Diemanosaukia Jago & Corbett, 1990
- Linguisaukia Peng, 1984
- Lophosaukia Shergold, 1971
- Lophosaukia jiangnanensis Lu & Lin, 1983
- Lophosaukia nuchanongi[6]
- Lophosaukia rectangulata Ergaliev, 1980
- Lophosaukia torquata Shergold, 1971
- Mictosaukia Shergold, 1975
- Prosaukia Ulrich & Resser, 1933
- Pseudocalvinella
- Saukia Walcott, 1914
- Saukiella Ulrich & Resser, 1933
- Stenosaukia Raymond, 1937
- Suluderella Özdikmen, 2006
- Tellerina Ulrich & Resser, 1933
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ 存档副本. [2010-05-02]. (原始内容存档于2011-01-06).
- ^ 存档副本. [2010-05-02]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-28).
- ^ S. M. Gon III. Order Asaphida. [November 21, 2010]. (原始内容存档于2011-01-06).
- ^ *Asaphidae (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Shelly J. Wernette, Nigel C. Hughes, Paul M. Myrow and Apsorn Sardsud. 2023. Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1516
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Shelly J. Wernette, Nigel C. Hughes, Paul M. Myrow and Apsorn Sardsud. 2023. Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1516