跳转到内容

昂丹司琼

维基百科,自由的百科全书
昂丹司琼
临床资料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureZofran, Ondisolv, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa601209
怀孕分级
给药途径by mouth, rectal, IV, IM
ATC码
法律规范状态
法律规范
药物动力学数据
生物利用度~60%
血浆蛋白结合率70%-76%
药物代谢Liver (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2D6)
生物半衰期5.7 hours
排泄途径Kidney
识别信息
  • (RS)-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-carbazol-4(9H)-one
CAS号99614-02-5  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.110.918 编辑维基数据链接
化学信息
化学式C18H19N3O
摩尔质量293.4 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • O=C3c2c1ccccc1n(c2CCC3Cn4ccnc4C)C
  • InChI=1S/C18H19N3O/c1-12-19-9-10-21(12)11-13-7-8-16-17(18(13)22)14-5-3-4-6-15(14)20(16)2/h3-6,9-10,13H,7-8,11H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:FELGMEQIXOGIFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

昂丹司琼(Ondansetron),常见商品名 Zofran,是一种用于减少手术、化疗放射治疗后,恶心呕吐的药物[1]。亦可用于治疗肠胃炎[2][3]。但对于动晕症几乎无治疗效果[4]。本品可经口服给药,也可以肌肉注射静脉注射使用[1]

常见的副作用包括腹泻、头痛、嗜睡和皮肤搔痒[1]。严重的话可能诱发QT波延长或是全身性过敏反应[1]妊娠期间用药似为安全,但相关证据仍不足够[1]。此药物是一种高专一性的血清素5-HT3受体拮抗剂英语5-HT3 antagonist[1],并不会针对多巴胺受体蕈碱类受器[5]

昂丹司琼在1990年首次被作为药物使用[6]。本品列名于世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单,该清单纪录了一般卫生体系最需要的药物[7]。目前已是学名药[1]。其于发展中国家的每剂注射剂型批发价约介于0.1到0.76美金[8]。在美国,每颗药物大约花费1.37美金[1]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Ondansetron Hydrochloride. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [February 11, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2016-05-03). 
  2. ^ Schnadower, D; Finkelstein, Y; Freedman, SB. Ondansetron and probiotics in the management of pediatric acute gastroenteritis in developed countries.. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. January 2015, 31 (1): 1–6. PMID 25333367. doi:10.1097/mog.0000000000000132. 
  3. ^ Freedman, SB; Ali, S; Oleszczuk, M; Gouin, S; Hartling, L. Treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children: an overview of systematic reviews of interventions commonly used in developed countries.. Evidence-based child health : a Cochrane review journal. July 2013, 8 (4): 1123–37. PMID 23877938. doi:10.1002/ebch.1932. 
  4. ^ Sutton, M; Mounsey, AL; Russell, RG. FPIN's Clinical Inquiries. Treatment of motion sickness.. American Family Physician. 15 July 2012, 86 (2): 192–5. PMID 22962932. 
  5. ^ Miloro, ed. by Michael. Peterson's principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 3rd. Shelton, CT: People's Medical Pub. House-USA. 2012: 86 [2018-02-03]. ISBN 978-1-60795-111-7. (原始内容存档于2016-02-01). 
  6. ^ Sneader, Walter. Drug discovery: a history Rev. and updated. Chichester: Wiley. 2005: 217 [2018-02-03]. ISBN 978-0-471-89979-2. (原始内容存档于2016-02-01). 
  7. ^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13). 
  8. ^ Ondansetron. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [26 January 2016]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-10). 

外部链接

[编辑]

Template:5-HT3 antagonists